Everything about The King Wen Sequence totally explained
The
King Wen sequence (文王卦序) of the
Yi Jing (易經) is a series of
sixty-four binary figures (hexagrams), each composed of 6 lines, either unbroken (
yang 陽) or broken (
yin 陰).
The King Wen sequence, also known as the
classical hexagram sequence, is sometimes considered the second–oldest formal arrangement of the hexagrams, preceded only by the
Fu Hsi (伏羲) arrangement, though the
Fu Hsi arrangement is most often associated with the Song Dynasty scholar
Shao Yong (邵雍). The historical legend is that
King Wen of Zhou (周文王) designed this sequence in the
12th century BC while imprisoned by the
tyrant King Zhou of Shang; King Wen is said to have died in 1050 BC, by one interpretation of the evidence (Shaughnessy).
Over the centuries there were many attempts to explain this sequence. Its true combinatorial mathematical basis was reportedly explained for the first time in 2006, in a 642-page book entitled 《周易》卦序詮解
Classical Chinese Combinatorics (Cook,
2006
).
Notable characteristics
The 64 hexagrams are grouped into 32 pairs. The second partner in each pair is created by inverting the first. In four of these pairs inversion (for example 180° rotation) of either hexagram effects no change (in which case all six lines will change). The number of lines that change between pair partners is always even (either 2, 4, or 6).
In moving from one hexagram to the next a minimum of one line must change. There are no instances in which five lines change. There are nine cases in which all six lines change.
The ratio of even to odd numbers of line changes between the hexagrams is exactly 3:1.
64 hexagrams × the 6 lines of a single hexagram = 384, the same number of days as found in ancient annual lunar calendars (that were based on 13 'months' of
lunations).
Chessboard presentation
Further Information
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